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2020 Gender Medicine Highlights
December 19, 2020
Spotlight
The year 2020 has been pivotal in the field of gender medicine. Earlier this month, in a landmark decision, the UK High Court ruled that children under 16 are unlikely to be able to consent to the use of puberty blockers, which the Court deemed to be an experimental treatment. Rather than a “pause...
Matched fragments:
… her with puberty blockers, testosterone, and subsequently …
Severe Hyperandrogenism Secondary to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in a Gender-diverse Adolescent
April 22, 2026
Studies
The development of gender identity takes place under the influence of a complex interplay of social, psychological, and biological factors. Studies in individuals with disorders of sex development have suggested that exposure to androgens during fetal development and across the lifespan may...
Matched fragments:
… severe hyperandrogenism (total testosterone 337 ng/dL, 11.7 nmol/L) … GnRH analog therapy reduced total testosterone to the cisgender female …
Timing of peripubertal steroid exposure predicts visuospatial cognition in men: Evidence from three samples
May 1, 2020
Studies
Experiments in male rodents demonstrate that sensitivity to the organizational effects of steroid hormones decreases across the pubertal window, with earlier androgen exposure leading to greater masculinization of the brain and behavior. Similarly, some research suggests the timing of peripubertal...
Matched fragments:
… men, controlling for current testosterone levels in Study 2. In … was unrelated to salivary testosterone in Study 2. In Study 4, …
Early biopsychological changes during masculinizing gender-affirming hormone therapy in AFAB transgender individuals: a 4-month prospective study
June 17, 2026
Studies
Objective
Transgender individuals frequently experience elevated levels of psychological distress, including anxiety and trauma-related symptoms. Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) has been associated with improvements in mental health and quality of life; however, early biopsychological...
Matched fragments:
… Hormonal parameters (estradiol, testosterone, prolactin) and … estradiol levels and increased testosterone concentrations. These …
Hormonal Treatment in Young People With Gender Dysphoria: A Systematic Review
April 1, 2018
Studies
SEGM Summary:
Puberty blocking drugs seemed to improve psychological functioning (not mentioned: youth were also receiving psychotherapy) but did not alleviate gender dysphoria. Little is known about the psychosocial effects of giving young people puberty blockers or cross-sex hormones....
Matched fragments:
… GnRHas (n = 9), estrogen (n = 3), testosterone (n = 5), antiandrogen … sex hormones and estrogen or testosterone causing feminization or …
Impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the endocrine axis and male germ cells
August 10, 2026
Studies
Gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) facilitates the desired phenotypic changes consistent with the individual’s gender identity. However, inter-individual variability in treatment effects have been reported at endocrine and testicular tissue level. To address the hypothesis that treatment...
Matched fragments:
… advanced germ cell type, and high testosterone levels, which were not … in Cluster 3 (n=10) had low testosterone but elevated AMH levels …
Growing Focus on Detransition
October 18, 2021
Spotlight
A new study of individuals who medically or surgically transitioned and subsequently detransitioned, suggests that the rate of detransition may be significantly underestimated. According to the study, which examined the survey responses of 100 detransitioners, fewer than 1 in 4 notified their...
Matched fragments:
… of their transition. Females took testosterone for an average 2 years, …
Prostatic metaplasia of the vagina in transmasculine individuals
March 1, 2022
Studies
Purpose: To determine the prevalence of prostatic metaplasia in an expanded cohort of transmasculine individuals undergoing gender-affirming resection of vaginal tissue.
Methods: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. Clinical records were reviewed for all transmasculine individuals...
Matched fragments:
… abnormalities. All were on testosterone therapy; median … transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy (21/21 cases) …
The Final Cass Review and the NHS England Response
April 11, 2024
Spotlight
The Cass Review of England’s gender services for children and young people, initiated four years ago, culminated earlier this week in the publication of the final 388-page report. The report was...
Matched fragments:
… masculinization with the help of testosterone at virtually any age: … males masculinise well on testosterone, so there is no obvious … when sex hormones are introduced. Testosterone is faster to produce …
Chest Reconstruction and Chest Dysphoria in Transmasculine Minors and Young Adults: Comparisons of Nonsurgical and Postsurgical Cohorts
May 1, 2018
Studies
Objective
To examine the amount of chest dysphoria in transmasculine youth who had had chest reconstruction surgery compared with those who had not undergone this surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants Using a novel measure of chest dysphoria, this cohort study at a large, urban, hospital-...
Matched fragments:
… care collected survey data about testosterone use and chest distress …